The Body: A Guide for Occupants

By the time antibiotics and vaccines became widely available, much or most of the decline in deaths from communicable diseases had already occurred. Describe two causes of this decline. 

Briefly define the three main theories of aging, and explain how telomeres contribute to growing old. 

What was a radical mastectomy, and what new theory about the spread of cancer caused it to be abandoned? Why would this new theory lead to such a change in practice?