18 pages 36 minutes read

Nikki Giovanni

Dreams

Fiction | Poem | Adult | Published in 1968

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Symbols & Motifs

Marjorie Hendricks as a Symbol for Fame, Race, and Gender

In the poem, Marjorie Hendricks appears once. She grinds “all up against the mic” (Line 10) and screams the lyrics to “Night and Day” by Ray Charles. Yet the single image of Hendricks creates a powerful symbol that turns the singer into a representative of fame, race, and gender.

Hendricks is famous—that’s how the speaker knows about her. The speaker hears Hendricks’s stirring voice, and it inspires her “to be / a raelet” (Line 6). The singer makes the speaker dream of fame. Hendricks’s life story—her affair with Charles, her struggles to launch a solo career, and her substance use—symbolize the downside of fame. In reality, fame isn’t just about performing. There’s an array of issues a celebrity has to confront when they’re not in the limelight. Thus, the speaker’s dream in her “younger years” (Line 1) is only a dream. As she grows up, she realizes the volatility of fame and chooses to be something quiet and gentle—“a sweet inspiration” (Line 19).

Hendricks is a Black woman, so she symbolizes race and gender. Hendricks subverts the claim that “black people aren’t / suppose to dream” (Lines 3-4). She shows that a Black woman can dream and achieve success.

Related Titles

By Nikki Giovanni

SuperSummary Logo
Study Guide
Nikki Giovanni
Guide cover image
SuperSummary Logo
Study Guide
Nikki Giovanni
Guide cover image
SuperSummary Logo
Study Guide
Nikki Giovanni
Guide cover image
SuperSummary Logo
Study Guide
Nikki Giovanni
Guide cover image
SuperSummary Logo
Study Guide
Nikki Giovanni
Guide cover image
SuperSummary Logo
Study Guide
Nikki Giovanni
Guide cover image
SuperSummary Logo
Study Guide
Nikki Giovanni
Guide cover image